Climate and climate variability -- Marine weather phenomena -- Models for the marine environment -- How to determine long-term changes in marine climate -- Past and future changes in wind, wave, and storm surge climates. Marine environmental conditions such as storms, storm surges and wave heights are directly experienced by, for example, off-shore operations or coastal populations. The authors review and bring together the state-of-the-art and present day knowledge about historical changes, recent trends and concepts on how marine environmental conditions may change in the future as well as discuss models and data problems.