New strategies are eagerly being sought and undertaken for treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes in the face of large scale generation and increasingly stringent regulatory requirements. Hazardous wastes do not exist in isolation. It is therefore important as we deal with hazardous/solid wastes and wastewaters to understand where they come from and where they go. Additionally important are the possible exposure routes of hazardous wastes or toxic substances by our emissions, pesticide applications and 'non-point' waste sources as well as wastes discharged to surface waters through a NPDES (National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System) permit.