US EPA

41486 

Journal Article 

Chronic inflammation and tumor formation in rats after intratracheal instillation of high doses of coal dust, titanium dioxides and quartz 

Borm, PJA; Höhr, D; Steinfartz, Y; Zeitträger, I; Albrecht, C 

2000 

Yes 

Inhalation Toxicology
ISSN: 0895-8378
EISSN: 1091-7691 

Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN 

12 

Suppl 3 

225-231 

English 

26368620 

10.1080/08958370050165085 

WOS:000089714800027 

has comment/response 157591 [Emails to Amy Wang regarding ultrafine TiO2 in published articles]

Coal mine dust's possible carcinogenicity has recently drawn attention because of the IARC review of quartz, some new epidemiological data in German coal miners, and .ndings on other poorly soluble, nontoxic dusts in the rat. The aim of this study was to investigate persistent inflammation and tumor response in the rat after intratracheal instillation of two coal dust samples and other dust preparations. Female Wistar rats (190 g) were instilled with ground lean coal (60 mg), coalmine dust (60 mg), DQ12 quartz (5 mg), and .ne (60 mg) and ultra.ne (30 mg) TiO2. After 129 wk rats were killed, tumors detected by microscopy, and inflammation by light microscopy after specific antibody staining for macrophages and granulocytes. Increased alveolar macrophages (AM) and interstitial granulocytes were still present in dust-treated animals. Both AM and granulocytes per surface area were related to tumor incidence when all materials were plotted in one graph, and can be interpreted as effects of overload. Differences in tumor formation between fine and ultrafine TiO2, despite similar inflammatory response, are probably caused by a direct effect of ultrafine TiO2 after interstitialization. It is concluded that coal dust is another poorly soluble, nontoxic dust, which at high enough dose rate causes overload, inflammation, and tumor response in the rat. 

QUARTZ; COAL DUST; TUMORIGENIC AGENTS; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL; TITANIUM DIOXIDE; PULMONARY EFFECTS