The human stratum corneum layer: an effective barrier against dermal uptake of different forms of topically applied micronised titanium dioxide | Health & Environmental Research Online (HERO)

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Citation
Tags

HERO ID

157887

Reference Type

Journal Article

Title

The human stratum corneum layer: an effective barrier against dermal uptake of different forms of topically applied micronised titanium dioxide

Author(s)

Pflücker, F; Wendel, V; Hohenberg, H; Gärtner, E; Will, T; Pfeiffer, S; Wepf, R; Gers-Barlag, H

Year

2001

Is Peer Reviewed?

Journal

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology
ISSN: 1660-5527
EISSN: 1660-5535

Volume

Issue

Suppl 1

Page Numbers

92-97

Language

English

PMID

11509913

Web of Science Id

WOS:000170724500016

Abstract

Electron microscopy visualisation and light microscopic investigations of three different application forms of titanium dioxide proved that neither surface characteristics, particle size nor shape of the micronised titanium dioxide result in any dermal absorption of this substance: Micronised titanium dioxide is solely deposited on the outermost surface of the stratum corneum and cannot be detected in deeper stratum corneum layers, the human epidermis and dermis.

Keywords

barrier function; electron microscopy; ultraviolet; photobiology; titanium dioxide