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HERO ID
157559
Reference Type
Journal Article
Subtype
Review
Title
Nanoparticle analysis and characterization methodologies in environmental risk assessment of engineered nanoparticles
Author(s)
Hassellöv, M; Readman, JW; Ranville, JF; Tiede, K
Year
2008
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Ecotoxicology
ISSN:
0963-9292
EISSN:
1573-3017
Volume
17
Issue
5
Page Numbers
344-361
Language
English
PMID
18483764
DOI
10.1007/s10646-008-0225-x
Web of Science Id
WOS:000256314700003
Abstract
Environmental risk assessments of engineered nanoparticles require thorough characterization of nanoparticles and their aggregates. Furthermore, quantitative analytical methods are required to determine environmental concentrations and enable both effect and exposure assessments. Many methods still need optimization and development, especially for new types of nanoparticles in water, but extensive experience can be gained from the fields of environmental chemistry of natural nanomaterials and from fundamental colloid chemistry. This review briefly describes most methods that are being exploited in nanoecotoxicology for analysis and characterization of nanomaterials. Methodological aspects are discussed in relation to the fields of nanometrology, particle size analysis and analytical chemistry. Differences in both the type of size measures (length, radius, aspect ratio, etc.), and the type of average or distributions afforded by the specific measures are compared. The strengths of single particle methods, such as electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, with respect to imaging, shape determinations and application to particle process studies are discussed, together with their limitations in terms of counting statistics and sample preparation. Methods based on the measurement of particle populations are discussed in terms of their quantitative analyses, but the necessity of knowing their limitations in size range and concentration range is also considered. The advantage of combining complementary methods is highlighted.
Keywords
Nanoparticles; Nanoaggregates; Nanometrology; Analytical chemistry; Particle size analysis
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