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11376 
Journal Article 
Intratracheal instillation as an exposure technique for the evaluation of respiratory tract toxicity: Uses and limitations 
Driscoll, KE; Costa, DL; Hatch, G; Henderson, R; Oberdorster, G; Salem, H; Schlesinger, RB 
2000 
1 
Toxicological Sciences
ISSN: 1096-6080
EISSN: 1096-0929 
55 
1 
24-35 
10788556 
WOS:000086815500004 
The evaluation of respiratory tract toxicity from airborne materials frequently involves exposure of animals via inhalation. This provides a natural route of entry into the host and, as such, is the preferred method for the introduction of toxicants into the lungs, However, for various reasons, this technique cannot always be used, and the direct instillation of a test material into the lungs via the trachea has been employed in many studies as an alternative exposure procedure. Intratracheal instillation has become sufficiently widely used that the Inhalation Society Section of the Society of Toxicology elected to develop this document to summarize some key issues concerning the use of this exposure procedure. Althought there are distinct differences in the distribution, clearance, and retention of materials when administered by instillation, compared to inhalation, the former can be a useful and cost-effective procedure for addressing specific questions regarding the respiratory toxicity of chemicals, as long as certain caveats are clearly understood and certain guidelines are carefully followed. 
intratracheal instillation; inhalation; toxicant exposure 
IRIS
• Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)
     Considered
     Cited