Environmental Assessment
Lymphohematopoietic Cancers Induced By Chemicals and Other Agents: Overview and Implications for Risk Assessment (Final Report)
Report Information
This EPA report provides an overview of the types of mechanisms underlying the lymphohematopoietic cancers induced by chemical agents and radiation in humans, with a primary emphasis on leukemia and leukemia-inducing agents. It focuses on how mechanistic information on human leukemia-inducing agents can inform risk assessment.
Nagu Keshava
- by phone at: 919-541-3047
- by email at: keshava.nagu@epa.gov
Background
Lymphohematopoietic neoplasias represent a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic and lymphoid cell disorders and are one of the most common types of cancer induced by environmental and therapeutic agents. It is widely recognized that lymphohematopoietic neoplasms originate through multi-step processes involving a series of genetic and epigenetic alterations that transform a normal hematopoietic or lymphoid cell into a malignant tumor. Following a brief discussion of hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis in the report, a review of the major classes of leukemia-inducing agents—radiation, chemotherapeutic alkylating agents, and topoisomerase II inhibitors—is presented along with information on the mechanisms by which these leukemias occur. This information is then compared with similar information for selected environmental and occupational leukemia-inducing agents. History/Chronology
| May 1997 | EPA released the report, Chemical and Radiation Leukemogenesis in Humans and Rodents and the Value of Rodent Models for Assessing Risks of Lymphohematopoietic Cancers. |
| Sep 2009 | EPA initiated this study of lymphohematopoietic cancers induced by chemicals and other agents focusing on implications for risk assessment. |
| Sep 2010 | EPA released the draft report, Lymphohematopoietic Cancers Induced By Chemicals and Other Agents: Overview and Implications for Risk Assessment (External Review Draft) for public review and comment. [Federal Register Dec 8, 2010] |
| Apr 2011 | EPA held an independent external peer review on the draft report. |
| Jul 2012 | EPA released the final report. |
Citation
U.S. EPA. Lymphohematopoietic Cancers Induced By Chemicals and Other Agents: Overview and Implications for Risk Assessment (Final Report). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/600/R-10/095F, 2012.