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Annotation:
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The author states that particularly in the developing world, the predominant policy belief is that economic growth is the most effective antidote to social unrest. Pakistan has experienced impressive economic growth over the past 40 years; however, contrary to the common assumptions of modernization theory, as well as social policy, the nation has continued to experience pervasive problems of recurrent violence. The author asserts that the failure may be attributed to the fact that growth did not make a dent in social inequalities or economic disparities because the development programs were carried out in ways that created extensive ecological damage, displacing millions of rural residents into crowded urban centers such as Karachi. The author asserts that if social problems of violence and unrest are to be addressed through policies of economic growth, far greater attention must be devoted to the inseparable issues of ecological preservation and social justice.
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